A rare histomorphological coexistence of clear cell carcinoma and mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary in a young female with brief review of literature

Abstract

Concomitant clear cell carcinoma of the ovary and mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary in the absence of endometriosis are rare entities with very few cases cited in the literature. They pose diagnostic challenge as the differential diagnosis spans from germ cell tumor, sex cord stromal tumor, and other surface epithelial tumors. The various types of tumors have different prognosis and varied treatment protocols. The presence of advanced stage and paraneoplastic syndrome has been associated with poor prognosis. We present a case of a 35-year-old female who presented with complaints of abdominal distension and discomfort for the past 2 months. The patient underwent right-sided oophorectomy in 2016 which was diagnosed as mucinous cystadenoma. The radiological evaluation revealed an enlarged left ovary with solid cystic areas. CA-125 was marginally raised. Oophorectomy with hysterectomy was done. Histopathology showed an unusual combination of clear cell carcinoma with mucinous cystadenoma. There was no endometriosis although omental metastasis was noted. The finding was confirmed on immunohistochemistry. The occurrence of clear cell carcinoma with mucinous cystadenoma in the absence of endometriosis is extremely uncommon with very few literature studies available.