Sexual dimorphism in permanent mandibular and maxillary canines of Sri Lankan Sinhalese population

Original Article

Authors

  • Kavindra Kariyawasam Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, 20400, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
  • Krishani Madushika Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, 20400, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
  • Nethmini Meegoda Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, 20400, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
  • Kapila Arambawatta Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka.
  • Anushka Abeysundara Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, 20400, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
  • Sandeep Alahakoon Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, 20400, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
  • Lakshika Nawarathna Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, 20400, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56501/intjforensicodontol.v8i1.668

Keywords:

sexual dimorphism, mandibular canines, Sri Lankan, crown dimensions, forensic odontology

Abstract

Introduction: Sexual dimorphism is one of the most important implications in forensic investigations and anthropological studies. Teeth are becoming a good source of material for gender determination. The canine is the most preferred tooth for gender determination because the canine is the strongest tooth in the oral cavity.

Objectives: To investigate sexual dimorphism in permanent mandibular and maxillary canines of a Sri Lankan Sinhalese population, and to ascertain the most suitable dimension (labiolingual, mesiodistal and crown height) to determine the sex of an individual.

Materials & Methods : The study was conducted using 384 dental casts (Males 192, Females 192) aged between 18 and 25 years in a sample of the Sri Lankan population. According to a selection criterion, casts were selected using a convenient random sampling technique. Mesio-distal, Bucco-lingual and Crown height of all the canines in the casts were measured using a digital vernier caliper accurate to 0.01 mm.

Results : Statistical analysis was performed using Minitab 17 and SPSS (Version 21). Unpaired sample t-test, paired sample t-test and point-biserial correlation were used for data analysis. The present study revealed that males show larger mean dimensions of canine teeth than females. Out of all four canines, mandibular canines show highly consistent results for sexual dimorphism. Further, crown height is the best measurement to evaluate sexual dimorphism.

Conclusion : It can be concluded that out of all the four canines, mandibular canines show highly consistent results for sexual dimorphism. Moreover, crown height is the best measurement to evaluate sexual dimorphism, in identifying an unknown .

References

Shireen A, Ara SA, Azzeghaiby SN, Alzoghaibi I, Tarakji B, Umair A. Sex Determination Potential from Canine Tooth Dimensions. Br J Med Med Res. 2014; 4:5133-5143.

Albernaz J, Antunes-Ferreira N, Machado V. Botelho, J Proença, Quintas A et al., Sex Prediction Based on Mesiodistal Width Data in the Portuguese Population. Appl. Sci. 2020; 10:4156 doi: 10.3390/app10124156.

Singaraju S, Sharada P. Age estimation using pulp/tooth area ratio: A digital image analysis. J Forensic Dent Sci. 2009; 1: 37-41.

Davoudmanesh Z, Shariati M, Azizi N, Yekaninejad S, Hozhabr H, Kadkhodaei-Oliadarani F. Sexual dimorphism in permanent canine teeth and formulas for sex determination. Biomed. Res. 2017; 28: 2773-2777.

Lucy D, Aykroyd RG, Pollard AM & Solheim T. A Bayesian Approach to Adult Human Age Estimation from Dental Observations by Johanson's Age Changes. J. Forensic Sci. 1996; 41:189- 194.

Prieto JL. Datos biologics aportados por los dientes. El proceso de necroidentificacion odontologicia. In: Fundacion Mapfre Medicina (Ed,), Antropologiay Paleontologia dentarias Madrid. 2002.

Institute of Medicine. Medicolegal Death Investigation System: Workshop Summary, Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2003 https://doi.org/10.17226/10792

Boaz K. & Gupta C. Dimorphism in human maxillary and mandibular canines in establishment of gender. J Forensic Dent Sci. 2009;1:42-44.

Filipovic G, Kanjevac T, Cetenovic B, Ajdukovic Z & Petrovic. Sexual Dimorphism in the Dimensions of Teeth in Serbian Population. Coll. Antropol. 2016; 40: 23-28.

Ibeachu PC, Didia BC, Orish CN. Sexual Dimorphism in Mandibular Canine Width and Intercanine Distance of University of Port-Harcourt Student, Nigeria. Asian J. Med. Sci. 2012; 2: 166-169.

Brook AH, Griffin RC, Townsend, Levisianos Y, Russell J & Smith RN. Variability, and patterning in permanent tooth size of four human ethnic groups. Arch. Oral Biol. 2009; 54:79- 85.

Kalim Z & Tyagi R. Sex Determination Using Canine Dimorphism: Forensic Relevance. J Forensic Sci & Criminal Inves. 2018; 11(1): JFSCI.MS.ID.555802 DOI:10.19080/JFSCI.2018.11.555802

Sharma B, Balaji N, Sumathi MK. Gender Determination by Linear Dimension of Permanent Canine: An Odontometric Analysis. Janaki Med. Coll. J. Med. Sci. 2014; 2: 23-27.

Kaeswaren Y, Weinheimer AZ. The Use of Mandibular and Maxillary Canine Teeth in Establishing Sexual Dimorphism in The Malaysian Population of Selangor. J Forensic Sci & Criminal Inves. 2019; 11: 1-6. DOI: 10.19080/JFSCI.2019.11.555815

Sabóia T M, Tannure PN, Luiz RR, de Castro Costa M, Granjeiro JM, Küchler EC, et al,. Sexual dimorphism involved in the mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions of permanent teeth. Dentistry. 2013; 3000:10, ISSN 2167-8677 (online), DOI 10.5195/d3000.2013.10

Hassan S, Nadaf A, & Romshi. Assessment of canine sexual dimorphism in permanent dentition in Kashmir population-An original study. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res. 2019; 7:1-3. doi:10.21276/jamdsr

Downloads

Published

2023-03-15

How to Cite

Kavindra Kariyawasam, Krishani Madushika, Nethmini Meegoda, Kapila Arambawatta, Anushka Abeysundara, Sandeep Alahakoon, & Lakshika Nawarathna. (2023). Sexual dimorphism in permanent mandibular and maxillary canines of Sri Lankan Sinhalese population: Original Article. International Journal of Forensic Odontology, 8(1), 7–23. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjforensicodontol.v8i1.668

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): International Journal of Forensic Odontology

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Kavindra Kariyawasam, Krishani Madushika, Nethmini Meegoda, Kapila Arambawatta, Anushka Abeysundara, Sandeep Alahakoon, Lakshika Nawarathna

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.