Mesial movement of maxillary first molars and vertical dimensional changes in orthodontic extraction treatment for patients with different facial morphology Original Research
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objectives: Primarily, to compare anchorage loss and changes in mandibular plane (MP) angle, overbite, and amount of horizontal, vertical, and angular movements of maxillary incisors in groups of hypodivergent, hyperdivergent, and normodivergent patients. Secondarily, to analyze the relationship between those factors.
Methods: Pre- and post-treatment cephalograms of 89 patients treated with extraction of four bicuspids or two maxillary bicuspids were analyzed. The sample was divided into three groups based on their facial pattern measured by SN-MP angle (hypodivergent: < 270, hyperdivergent: >380, and normodivergent: 270-380). Linear and angular measurements included the distances of U1 tip and U6 mesial height of contour to Y-axis (i.e., line perpendicular to the X-axis, passing through Sella turcica), distance of U1 tip to Sella on X-axis, overbite, angulation of U1 to palatal plane, and SN-MP and ANB angles. Inferential statistics included one-way ANOVA, Chi-square test, independent t-test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients.
Results: Facial morphology did not primarily affect anchorage loss, because other factors such as crowding, severity of Class II molar relationship, and extraction modality played more impactful role (P< 0.01). Change in mandibular plane angle was neither influenced by, nor correlated with, initial facial morphology or anchorage loss (P> 0.05). Positive change in overbite was significantly correlated with facial pattern, incisor extrusion and retroclination (r= 0.30, 0.44, and -0.35, respectively, P< 0.01).
Conclusion: Anchorage loss in extraction orthodontic treatment is not influenced primarily by initial facial morphology. Anchorage loss is not significantly associated with MP angle reduction. Change in overbite can be achieved through incisor extrusion and retroclination.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Bishara SE, Ortho D, Jakobsen JR. Longitudinal changes in three normal facial types. Am J Orthod. 1985;88(6):466-502.
Hall BK, Herring S. Paralysis and growth of the musculoskeletal system in the embryonic chick. J Morphol. 1990;206(1):45-56.
Björk A. Prediction of mandibular growth rotation. Am J Orthod. 1969;55(6):585-99.
Siriwat PP, Jarabak JR. Malocclusion and facial morphology is there a relationship? An epidemiologic study. Angle Orthod. 1985;55(2):127-38.
Ong HB, Woods MG. An occlusal and cephalometric analysis of maxillary first and second premolar extraction effects. Angle Orthod. 2001;71(2):90-102.
Geron S, Shpack N, Kandos S, Davidovitch M, Vardimon AD. Anchorage loss—a multifactorial response. Angle Orthod. 2003;73(6):730-7.
Ozdemir F, Tozlu M, Germec-Cakan D. Cortical bone thickness of the alveolar process measured with cone-beam computed tomography in patients with different facial types. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2013;143(2):190-6.
Pepicelli A, Woods M, Briggs C. The mandibular muscles and their importance in orthodontics: a contemporary review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;128(6):774-80.
Proffit WR, Fields HW, Larson B, Sarver DM. Contemporary orthodontics-e-book: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2018.
Aras A. Vertical changes following orthodontic extraction treatment in skeletal open bite subjects. Eur J Orthod. 2002;24(4):407-16.
Ghafari JG, Macari AT, Haddad RV, editors. Deep bite: Treatment options and challenges. Semin Orthod; 2013: Elsevier.
Hans MG, Groisser G, Damon C, Amberman D, Nelson S, Palomo JM. Cephalometric changes in overbite and vertical facial height after removal of 4 first molars or first premolars. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130(2):183-8.
Kim T-K, Kim J-T, Mah J, Yang W-S, Baek S-H. First or second premolar extraction effectson facial vertical dimension. Angle Orthod. 2005;75(2):177-82.
Nanda SK. Growth patterns in subjects with long and short faces. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1990;98(3):247-58.
Sassouni V, Nanda S. Analysis of dentofacial vertical proportions. Am J Orthod. 1964;50(11):801-23.
Sivakumar A, Valiathan A. Cephalometric assessment of dentofacial vertical changes in Class I subjects treated with and without extraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133(6):869-75.
Kouvelis G, Dritsas K, Doulis I, Kloukos D, Gkantidis N. Effect of orthodontic treatment with 4 premolar extractions compared with nonextraction treatment on the vertical dimension of the face: A systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2018;154(2):175-87.
Davoody AR, Posada L, Utreja A, Janakiraman N, Neace WP, Uribe F, et al. A prospective comparative study between differential moments and miniscrews in anchorage control. Eur J Orthod. 2013;35(5):568-76.
Su H, Han B, Li S, Na B, Ma W, Xu T-M. Factors predisposing to maxillary anchorage loss: a retrospective study of 1403 cases. PLoS one. 2014;9(10):e109561.
Heo W, Nahm D-S, Baek S-H. En masse retraction and two-step retraction of maxillary anterior teeth in adult Class I women: a comparison of anchorage loss. Angle Orthod. 2007;77(6):973-8.
Thilander B, Rygh P, Reitan K. Tissue reactions in orthodontics. Orthodontics: current principles and techniques 5th ed Philadelphia: Elsevier/Mosby. 2011:247-86.
de Almeida MR, Herrero F, Fattal A, Davoody AR, Nanda R, Uribe F. A comparative anchorage control study between conventional and self-ligating bracket systems using differential moments. Angle Orthod. 2013;83(6):937-42.
Bartzela T, Türp JC, Motschall E, Maltha JC. Medication effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;135(1):16-26.
Song G, Li G, Lu W, Han B, Xu T. Distortion and magnification of four digital cephalometric units. Niger J Clin Pract. 2019;22(12):1644-53.
Dodge Y. The concise encyclopedia of statistics: Springer Science & Business Media; 2008.
Chua A-L, Lim JY, Lubit EC. The effects of extraction versus nonextraction orthodontic treatment on the growth of the lower anterior face height. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1993;104(4):361-8.
Klapper L, Navarro SF, Bowman D, Pawlowski B. The influence of extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatment on brachyfacial and dolichofacial growth patterns. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1992;101(5):425-30.
Chen K, Han X, Huang L, Bai D. Tooth movement after orthodontic treatment with 4 second premolar extractions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138(6):770-7.
Kocadereli İ. The effect of first premolar extraction on vertical dimension. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999;116(1):41-5.
Staggers JA. Vertical changes following first premolar extractions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1994;105(1):19-24.
Janson G, Valarelli FP, Beltrão RTS, de Freitas MR, Henriques JFC. Stability of anterior open-bite extraction and nonextraction treatment in the permanent dentition. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129(6):768-74.