Efficacy of a novel toothbrush in improving oral hygiene among children with cleft lip and palate - a randomized control trial. Original Research
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Cleft lip and palate are the most prevalent orofacial congenital malformation as common as 1 in 5001. These children are born with multiple problems and face multiple traumas physically and psychologically. There is a clear need to develop improved methods of accessing and cleaning areas of high retention of the biofilm, either by the cleft morphology or the sensitivity of the surrounding tissues due to frequent local inflammatory conditions.
Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of a novel toothbrush in removing dental plaque in cleft lip and palate patients with a regular toothbrush.
Materials & method: A total of 44 children aged 8 to 12 years with CLP were clinically examined and pre-operative intraoral pictures were documented. The adapted PI uses 2% erythrosine to stain the bacterial plaque and cleaning conditions were evaluated by visual observation. Data were recorded in the WHO assessment for children in oral hygiene form. Group A and Group B intervened using the novel toothbrush & conventional toothbrush respectively with A follow-up of 3,6,9,12 and 15 months.
Results: Groups were analyzed using a chi-square test in which group A showed a significant reduction in plaque compared to group B.[P<0.034]
Conclusion: The study shows children using novel toothbrushes not only showed a reduction in plaque but also showed more patient compliance.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Shkoukani MA, Chen M, Vong A. Cleft lip–a comprehensive review. Frontiers in pediatrics. 2013 Dec 27; 1:53.
Pisek A, Pitiphat W, Chowchuen B, Pradubwong S. Oral health sta‐ tus and oral impacts on quality of life in early adolescent cleft pa‐ tients. J Med Assoc Thai. 2014;97(Suppl 10):S7‐16.
Quirynen M, De Soete M, Dierickx K, van Steenberghe D. The intraoral translocation of periodontopathogens jeopardizes the outcome of periodontal therapy. A review of the literature. J Clin Periodontol. 2001;28:499–507. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Gaggl A, Schultes G, Kärcher H, Mossböck R. Periodontal disease in patients with cleft palate and patients with unilateral and bilateral clefts of lip, palate, and alveolus. Journal of Periodontology. 1999 Feb;70(2):171-8.
Eldeeb ME, Hinrichs JE, Waite DE, Bandt CL, Bevis R. Repair of alveolar cleft defects with autogenous bone grafting: periodontal evaluation. Cleft Palate J. 1986 Apr 1;23(2):126-36.
deCastilho AR, Das Neves LT, de Carvalho Carrara CF. Evaluation of oral health knowledge and oral health status in mothers and their children with cleft lip and palate. The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal. 2006 Nov;43(6):726-30.
Ankola AV, Nagesh L, Hegde P, Karibasappa GN. Primary dentition status and treatment needs of children with cleft lip and/or palate. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2005 Apr 1;23(2):80.
Hazza'a AM, Rawashdeh MA, Al‐Nimri K, Al Habashneh R. Dental and oral hygiene status in Jordanian children with cleft lip and palate: a comparison between unilateral and bilateral clefts. Int J Dental Hygiene. 2011;9(1):30‐36.
Freitas AB, De Barros LM, Fiorini JE, Boriollo MF, Moreira AN, Magalhães CS. Caries experience in a sample of adolescents and young adults with cleft lip and palate in Brazil. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. 2013 Mar;50(2):187-91.
Sundell AL, Ullbro C, Marcusson A, Twetman S. Comparing caries risk profiles between 5- and 10- year-old children with cleft lip and/or palate and non-cleft controls. BMC Oral Health. 2015 Jul 25;15:85. doi: 10.1186/s12903-015-0067-x. PMID: 26208495; PMCID: PMC4514989.
Bian Z, Du M, Bedi R, Holt R, Jin H, Fan M. Caries experience and oral health behavior in Chinese children with cleft lip and/or palate. Pediatr Dent. 2001 Sep-Oct;23(5):431-4. PMID: 11699170.
Parapanisiou V, Gizani S, Makou M, Papagiannoulis L. Oral health status and behaviour of Greek patients with cleft lip and palate. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2009;10:85-9.
Mutthineni RB, Nutalapati R, Kasagani SK. Comparison of oral hygiene and periodontal status in patients with clefts of palate and patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate and alveolus. Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology. 2010 Oct;14(4):236
Wyrębek B, Cudziło D, Plakwicz P. Evaluation of periodontal tissues in growing patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate. A pilot study. Journal of Mother and Child. 2017 Jan 1;21(2):154-63.
Bashirian S, Seyedzadeh-Sabounchi S, Shirahmadi S, Karimi-Shahanjarini A, Soltanian AR, Vahdatinia F. Predictors of oral health promotion behaviors among elementary school children: Examination of an extended social cognitive theory. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2021 Mar;31(2):191-203. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12659. Epub 2020 May 16. PMID: 32339312.
Rodrigues R, Chung AP, Mortensen MS, Fernandes MH, Monteiro AB, Furfuro R, Silva CC, Manso MC, Sørensen SJ, Morais PV. Temporal oral microbiome changes with brushing in children with cleft lip and palate. Heliyon. 2021 Mar 18;7(3):e06513. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06513. PMID: 33817376; PMCID: PMC8005767.
Rivkin CJ, Keith O, Crawford PJ, Hathorn IS. Dental care for the patient with a cleft lip and palate. Part 1: From birth to the mixed dentition stage. British dental journal. 2000 Jan;188(2):78-83.
Ahluwalia M, Brailsford SR, Tarelli E, Gilbert SC, Clark DT, Barnard K, Beighton D. Dental caries, oral hygiene, and oral clearance in children with craniofacial disorders. Journal of dental research. 2004 Feb;83(2):175-9.
Ankola AV, Nagesh L, Hegde P, Karibasappa GN. Primary dentition status and treatment needs of children with cleft lip and/or palate. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2005 Apr 1;23(2):80.
ST SM. Prevalence of dental caries and oral hygiene practices in children with cleft lip and/or palate. International Journal of Contemporary Dentistry. 2010 Sep 1;1(3).