Measurement Of Gonial Angle And Mental Foramen For Prediction of Gender Dimorphism In An Eastern Indian Population Sample - A Radiographic Cross-sectional Study
Original Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56501/intjforensicodontol.v8i2.849Keywords:
Gender Determination, Gonial Angle, Mental Foramen, Panoramic Radiographs, Lateral CephalogramAbstract
Introduction:
In gender determination, facial skeletal components play a major role in forensic and anthropological fields. Skull is considered second best, after pelvis, in determination of sex. Mandible is the strongest bone in the body and most dimorphic bone of the skull that often recovered intact.
Aims:
The purpose of the present study was to measure, compare and evaluate the mandibular parameters gonial angle and relative position of the mental foramen as sex predictors in an Eastern Indian population.
Material and methods:
Panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms of the sampled patients were analysed for relative position of mental foramen and gonial angle respectively. This cross-sectional
retrospective study was carried out utilizing radiographs of 100 patients (58 females and 42males) between age 18-44 years. A total of 5 measurements were evaluated for sex differences and the results were subjected to statistical analysis.
Results:
Our study found that females showed statistically significant higher gonial angle values than males whereas the values of linear measurements of mental foramen were found to be higher in males than females.
Conclusion:
The assessment of mandibular morphology through radiographic measurements suggest that gonial angle and mental foramen parameters exhibit significant gender dimorphism and it is a reliable indicator in estimating an individual’s gender when comparing to a known population standard.
References
Singhal K, Sharma S. Gender Determination by Mental Foramen Using Linear Measurements on Radiographs: A Study in Haryana Population. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, January-June 2016, Vol. 10, No. 1
Upadhaya R B, Upadhaya, Agrawal P, Rao N N. Analysis of gonial angle in relation to age, gender, and dentition status by radiological and anthropometric methods. J Forensic Dent Sci. 2012 JanJun;4(1): 29–33.
Akhilesh A, Singh A et al. Determination of sex by radiographic analysis of Mental Foramen in north indian population. J. Forensic dent. Sci 2013 jan-june 5 (1) : 52-55.
Thakur M, Reddy V K, Sivaranjani Y, Khaja S. Gender Determination by Mental Foramen and Height of the Body of the Mandible in Dentulous Patients A Radiographic Study. J Indian Acad Forensic Med. January-March 2014, Vol. 36, No. 1
Naroor N, Shenai P, Chatra L, Veena K M, Rao P K,Shetty P. Gender determination using the mental foramen. Journal of Cranio Maxillary Diseases. Vol 4. Issue 2. July 2015
Kharoshah M A A, Almadani O, Glaleb S S, Zaki M K,Fattah Y A A. Sexual dimorphism of the mandible in a modern Egyptian population .Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 17 (2010) 213–215.
Rani A, Kanjani V, Kanjani D, Annigeri R G. Morphometric assessment of mental foramen for gender prediction using panoramic radiographs in the West Bengal population – A retrospective digital study. Journal of Advanced Clinical & Research Insights (2019), 6, 63–66.
Mehta H, Bhuvaneshwari S, Singh MP, Nahar P,Mehta K, Sharma T. Gender determination using mandibular ramus and gonial angle on OPG. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol 2020;32:154-8.
Abu Taleb N S, Beshlawy D E. Mandibular Ramus and Gonial Angle Measurements as predictors as predictors of sex and age in an egyptian population sample: a digital panoramic study. J Forensic Res vol 6 issue 5
Malik M, Laller S, Saini R S, Mishra R K, Hora I, Dahiya N. Mental foramen: An Indicator for Gender Determination - A Radiographic Study. Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences 2016;2(1):12-14 12
Leversha J, Mckeough G, Myrteza A, Wakefiled H S, Welsh J, Sholapurkar A. Age and gender correlation of gonial angle, ramus height and bigonial width in dentate subjects in a dental school in Far North Queensland. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016; 8(1): e 49-54
Mahima V G. Mental Foramen for gender determination: A panoramic radiographic study. Medico- Legal Update. 2009;9:33–5.
Thomas C J, Madsen D, Whittle C. A radiologic survey of the edentulous mandible relevant to forensic dentistry. Leb J Dent Med. 2004;3:15–20.
Catovie A, Bergman V, Seifert D, Poljak-Guberina R, authors. Influence of sex, age and presence of functional units on optical density and bone height of the mandible in the elderly. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36:327–8.
Vodanovic M, Dumancic J, Demo Z, Mihelic D, authors. Determination of sex by discriminant functional analysis of mandibles from two Croatian archeological sites. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2006;40:263–77.
Abuhijleh E, Warreth A, Qawadi M, Abdulrida E, Radaideh A, Al Taki A, Mathew A, Varma S. Mandibular gonial angle measurement as a predictor of gender-A digital panoramic study. The Open Dentistry Journal. 2019 Nov 28;13(1).
Bhardwaj D, Kumar JS, Mohan V. Radiographic evaluation of mandible to predict the gender and age. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8(10):ZC66-9.
Ghosh S, Vengal M, Pai KM, Abhishek K. Remodeling of the antegonial angle region in the human mandible: A panoramic radiographic cross-sectional study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal2010; 15(5): e802-7.
Kumar MP, Lokanadham S. Sex determination & morphometric parameters of human mandible. Int J Res Med Sci 2013; 1: 93-6.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Samreen Fatms, Shoborose Tantray, Tauseef Fazal, Madhuri S Sale, Nida Afroz, Fahad Wasey
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
