Impact of Potassium Iodide Solution on Silver Diamine Fluoride Black Staining - In Vitro Investigation: KI Mitigation of SDF Black Staining in Carious Teeth

Inas Karawia; Osama Safwat Mohamed

doi:10.56501/intjorofacres.v8i1.972

Authors

Inas Karawia Pediatric and Community Dentistry Department, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8465-5685
Osama Safwat Mohamed Dental Prothesis Manufacture Technology Department, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8745-6179

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacres.v8i1.972

Keywords:

Silver Diamine Fluoride, Potassium Iodide, Prevention, Dental caries

Abstract

Dental caries is a prevalent global oral health issue, necessitating effective preventive and treatment strategies. Silver diamine fluoride has emerged as a valuable tool for arresting carious lesions, but its drawback of causing permanent black staining raises concerns. This study explores the potential of potassium iodide to mitigate silver diamine fluoride -induced staining through repeated applications at different intervals. Sixty carious permanent teeth were divided into three groups: silver diamine fluoride alone, silver diamine fluoride with daily potassium iodide application, and silver diamine fluoride with weekly potassium iodide application. Color assessments were conducted using mean grey values at baseline, immediately post-application, and at 2 and 4 weeks. Results demonstrated that potassium iodide significantly reduced black staining when applied immediately after silver diamine fluoride. Daily potassium iodide application yielded the whitest color, surpassing weekly application. The findings suggest that integrating potassium iodide with silver diamine fluoride, particularly through daily application, offers a promising approach to minimize staining associated with silver diamine fluoride treatment, enhancing its acceptability and clinical utility.

Publication Facts

This article

Author statements

Data availability

N/A

16%

External funding

No

32%

Competing interests

N/A

11%

This journal

Other journals

Articles accepted

38%

33%

Days to publication

76

145

Indexed in

GS

Editor & editorial board: profiles
Academic society: N/A
Publisher: MM Publications

References

Pitts N, Zero D, Marsh P, et al. Dental caries. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2017;3:17030.

Lee Y. Diagnosis and Prevention Strategies for Dental Caries. J Lifestyle Med. 2013;3(2):107-9.

Seifo N, Robertson M, MacLean J, et al. The use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in dental practice. Br Dent J. 2020;228(2):75-81. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-1203-9.

Hasoon N. What is Silver Diamine Fluoride? BDJ Stu- dent. 2022;29:20–21.

Garg S, Sadr A, Chan D. Potassium iodide reversal of silver diamine fluoride staining: a case report. Oper Dent. 2019;44:221-6.

Detsomboonrat P, Thongmak P, Lertpayab Ph, Aiemsri W, Sooampon S. Optimal concentration of potassium iodide to reduce the black staining of silver di-amine fluoride. J Dent Sci. 2022;17(1):300-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2021.03.014.

Krithikadatta J, Gopikrishna V, Datta M. CRIS Guidelines (Checklist for Reporting In-vitro Studies): A concept note on the need for standardized guidelines for improving quality and transparency in reporting in-vitro studies in experimental dental research. J Conserv Dent. 2014;17(4):301-4. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-0707.136338.

Haghgoo R, Mehran M, Ahmadvand M, Ahmadvand MJ. Remineralization Effect of Eggshell versus Nanohydroxyapatite on Caries-like Lesions in Permanent Teeth (In Vitro). J Int Oral Health. 2016;8(4):435-9.

Costa R, de Macedo M, Carvalhal A, Bernardes-Engemann R. Use of potassium iodide in Dermatology: updates on an old drug. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia. 2013;88(3):396–402.

Mei ML, Zhao IS, Ito L, Lo EC, Chu CH. Prevention of secondary caries by silver diamine fluoride. Int Dent J. 2015;66:71–7.

Crystal YO, Marghalani AA, Ureles SD. Use of silver diamine fluoride for dental caries management in children and adolescents, including those with special

health care needs. Pediatr Dent. 2017; 39(5): E135-E145. (Available at:http://www.aapd.org/policies/)

Zhao IS, Mei ML, Burrow MF, Lo EC, Chu CH. Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Potassium Iodide Treatment on Secondary Caries Prevention and Tooth Discolouration in Cervical Glass Ionomer Cement Restoration. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(2):340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020340.

Garg S, Sadr A, Chan DCN. Potassium Iodide Reversal of Silver Diamine Fluoride Staining: A Case Report. Oper Dent. 2018;44(3):221-226. https://doi.org/10.2341/17-266-S.

Vinh N, Cody N, Joel F, Carolyn P. Potassium Iodide: The Solution to Silver Diamine Fluoride Discoloration? Adv Dent Oral Health. 2017;5(1):555655. https://doi.org/10.19080/ADOH.2017.05.5555655.

Ramlal C, Triana N. Application and Perception of Potassium Iodide Following Silver Diamine Fluoride Treatment. Mater Sci Appl. 2022;13:506-18. https://doi.org/10.4236/msa.2022.139031.

Gupte M, Saraf T, Jawdekar AM, Khare DS, Tiku A. A comparative analysis of staining propensity of SDF, SDF with potassium iodide and SDF with glutathione biomolecule on demineralized enamel: An in vitro study. Int J Appl Dent Sci. 2021;7:297-301.

Vennela E, Sharada J, Hasanuddin S, Suhasini K, Haemachandrika I, Singh I. Comparison of staining potential of silver diamine fluoride versus silver di- amine fluoride and potassium iodide under tooth coloured restorations: An in vitro study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2021;39:47-52.