EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF LOAD DEFLECTION RATE OF FOUR INITIAL ORTHODONTIC ARCH WIRES: AN IN VITRO STUDY Original Research
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the load-deflection rate of four different types of archwires used in initial stage of orthodontic treatment.
Materials and methods: A modified three-point bending test was performed on the sample of 60 wires of superelastic Nickel Titanium(NiTi), everwhite esthetic NiTi, thermal NiTi and multistranded coaxial stainless steel (15 each). The load exerted by each of the wire was measured at the deflections of 2 mm and 4mm, subsequent unloading process at 37°C temperature.
Results: Comparison of mean load-deflection values revealed that thermal NiTi wires had lowest value at both 2 and 4mm deflection when compared to other three wires which was statistically significant(p=0.009). Superelastic and esthetic NiTi showed similar values of load deflection ratios at both the deflections where as co-axial wire showed 1.89N at 2mm and 5.22N at 4mm deflection.
Conclusion: The heat-activated NiTi wires are acceptable in severe crowding and periodontally compromised patients. Multistranded co-axial wire is acceptable when we need minimal alignment; whereas esthetic NiTi wires can replace superelastic Niti based on patient’s need.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Evans TJ, Jones ML, Newcombe RG. Clinical comparison and performance perspective of three aligning archwires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998;114(1):32-39.
Quintão CCA, Brunharo IHVP. Orthodontic wires: knowledge ensures clinical optimization. Dental Press J Orthod 2009; 14(6):144-157.
Brantley WA, Eliades T. Orthodontic materials-scientific and clinical aspects. New York: Thieme; 2001. p.80 – 103.
Kusy RP. A review of contemporary archwires: their properties and characteristics. Angle Orthod 1997; 67(3):197- 207.
Kapila S, Sachdeva R. Mechanical properties and clinical applications of orthodontic wires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1989; 96(2):100-9.
Vinod Krishnan, Jyothindra Kumar. Mechanical properties and surface characteristics of three arch wire alloys. Angle Orthod 2004; 74(6):825-31.
Júlio de A.Gurgel JA, Kerr S, Powers JM, Crone VL. Force-deflection properties of superelastic nickel-titanium archwires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2001; 120(4):378-382.
Wilkinson PD, Dysart PS, Hood JA, HerbisonGP. Load-deflection characteristics of superelastic nickel- titanium orthodontic wires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;121(5):483-95.
Parvizi F, Rock WP. The load/deflection characteristics of thermally activated orthodontic archwires. Eur J Orthod 2003 Volume 25, Issue 4, August 2003, Pages 417–421,
Bartzelaa TN, Sennb C, Wichelhausc A. Load-Deflection Characteristics of Superelastic Nickel-Titanium Wires. Ang Orthodont 2007; 77(6):991-98.
Lombardo L, Marafioti M, Stefanoni F, Mollica F, Siciliani G. Load deflection characteristics and force level of nickel titanium initial archwires. Angle Orthod 2012; 82(3):507-21.
Quintão, Cardoso Abdo C, e Cal-Neto, Pedra J, Menezes, Luciane M.; Elias, Carlos Nelson Force-deflection properties of initial orthodontic archwires. World Journal of Orthodontics. 2009; 10(1), p29-32.
Hanyuda A, Nagasaka S, Yoshida T. Long-term time effect on load–deflection characteristics of orthodontic wires. Orthodontic Waves 2006;65(4):155-160
Bradley TG, Berzins DW, Valeri N, Pruszynski J, Eliades T, Katsaros C. An investigation into the mechanical and aesthetic properties of new generation coated nickel-titanium wires in the as-received state and after clinical use. Eur J Orthod 2014; 36: 290–296 doi:10.1093/ejo/cjt048.
Mugurumaa T, Iijimab M, Yuasac T, Kawaguchid K, Mizoguch I. Characterization of the coatings covering esthetic orthodontic archwires and their influence on the bending and frictional properties. Angle Orthod. 2017 Jul;87(4):610-617. doi: 10.2319/022416-161.1
Elayyan F, Silikas N, Bearn D. Ex vivo surface and mechanical properties of coated orthodontic archwires. Eur J Orthod. 2008 Dec;30(6):661-7. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjn057. Epub 2008 Nov 14.
Alavi S, Hossieni N. Load-deflection and surface properties of coated and conventional superelastic orthodontic archwires in conventional and metal-insert ceramic brackets. Dent Res J 2012;9:133-138
Iijimaa M, Mugurumab T, Brantley WA, Choed HC, Nakagakie S, Alapatif SB, Mizoguchig I. Effect of coating on properties of esthetic orthodontic nickel-titanium wires. Angle Orthod. 2012;82:319–325.
Jones ML, Staniford H, Chan C. Comparison of super elastic NiTi and multi stranded stainless steel wires in initial alignment. J Clin Orthod 1990;24(10):611-13.
Martins CCR. Mechanical properties of aesthetic wires obtained in tensile tests. Dissertation (Masters in Dental) Dental Faculdade, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2007.
Kusy RP, Dilley GJ. Elastic property ratios of a triplestranded stainless steel arch wire. Am J Orthod. 1984; 86(3):177-88.
Taneja P, Duncanson MG Jr, Khajotia SS, Nanda RS. Deactivation force deflection behavior of multistranded stainless steel wires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;124(1): 61-8.
Ingram SB Jr, Gipe DP, Smith RJ. Comparative range of orthodontic wires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1986;90(4):296-307.
Sandhu SS, Shetty VS, Mogra S, Varghese J, Sandhu J, Sandhu JS. Efficiency, behavior, and clinical properties of superelastic NiTi versus multistranded stainless steel wires. Angle Orthod 2012;82(5):915-21.